Memory Models
VCE Psychology · Memory models · 8 flashcards, free to study.
Atkinson-Shiffrin, levels of processing, and retrieval for VCE Psychology
- Atkinson-Shiffrin Multi-Store Model — stages
- Sensory register → Short-term memory (STM) → Long-term memory (LTM). Rehearsal moves info from STM to LTM.
- Capacity of STM
- 7 ± 2 chunks (Miller, 1956). Limited; displaced by new incoming information.
- Duration of STM without rehearsal
- 15–30 seconds before information decays.
- Types of LTM
- Explicit (declarative): episodic + semantic. Implicit (non-declarative): procedural + classically conditioned responses.
- What is elaborative rehearsal?
- Linking new information to existing knowledge — more effective than maintenance rehearsal for LTM encoding.
- Levels of processing model (Craik & Lockhart)
- Deeper processing (semantic) → stronger, more durable memory trace than shallow (structural/phonemic).
- Reconstructive memory (Bartlett)
- Memory is not a recording — it is rebuilt using schemas. Errors and distortions occur during retrieval.
- Proactive interference
- Old learning disrupts recall of new learning. E.g. old phone number interfering with new one.